E. coli is gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, bacilli. It is a member of Enterobacteriaceae and normal flora in the human intestine. It most commonly causes urinary tract infections, diarrhea, or intra-abdominal infections. It may cause pneumonia and neonatal meningitis. Some virulent strains have results in outbreaks in healthy populations; severe complication and even death have been reported. E. coli causes health-care associated infections. Those with ESBL are multidrug resistant. Recently, emergence of carbapenem-resistant E. coli poses great threat to healthcare system.
TSAR Publications：
1. Lee YL, Liu CE, Wang WY, Tan MC, Chen PJ, Shiau YR, Wang HY, Lai JF, Huang IW, Yang YS, Kuo SC. Antimicrobial resistance among imipenem-non-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, with an emphasis on novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and tetracycline derivatives: The Taiwan surveillance of antimicrobial resistance program, 2020-2022. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2025 Apr;58(2):219-225. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2025.01.006. Epub 2025 Feb 6. PMID: 39934015.
2. Lin JC, Kristopher Siu LK, Chang FY, Wang CH. Mutations in the pmrB gene constitute the major mechanism underlying chromosomally encoded colistin resistance in clinical Escherichia coli. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2024 Sep;38:275-280. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2024.06.013. Epub 2024 Jul 10. PMID: 38996871.
3. Wang JT, Chang SC, Chang FY, Fung CP, Chuang YC, Chen YS, Shiau YR, Tan MC, Wang HY, Lai JF, Huang IW, Yang Lauderdale TL. Antimicrobial Non-Susceptibility of Escherichia coli from Outpatients and Patients Visiting Emergency Rooms in Taiwan. PLoS One. 2015 Dec 3;10(12):e0144103. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144103. PMID: 26632819; PMCID: PMC4669119.